Bacterial Vaginosis

WHAT IS BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS?

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an infection of the vagina caused by an imbalance of bacteria It is not classified as a sexually transmitted infection (STI) but is more common in people who are sexually active Your risk of BV is higher if you have more than one sex partner, a new sex partner, or have sex without a condom or other barrier method of contraception Every vagina will have a balance of “good” and “bad” bacteria, with the “good” bacteria controlling the growth of the “bad” types In BV, this balance is upset, but experts are unsure how this imbalance occurs Douching increases the risk of BV.

What are the symptoms of Bacterial Vaginosis?

The symptoms of BV are usually quite mild, and many infected people may not notice any symptoms The most common symptom of BV is a fishy-smelling discharge from the vagina that may become stronger after sex and during menstruation The discharge may appear greyish white or yellow Itching or burning in the vagina can also occur BV can make the reproductive tract more vulnerable to infection or inflammation It increases the risk of miscarriage and preterm birth in pregnant people

HOW IS BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS DIAGNOSED?

BV is diagnosed by a doctor after a physical examination and lab tests Your physician may take a swab of your vagina to test your vaginal discharge for bacteria and unusual cells. The pH of your vaginal discharge may also be measured

HOW IS BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS TREATED?

BV may go away on its own without treatment Alternatively, it can be treated with antibiotics (usually metronidazole or clindamycin) This medication may be oral pills or a cream applied to the vagina BV may return after treatment.